• Bear bones at Saami offering sites 

      Spangen, Marte; Salmi, Anna-Kaisa; Äikäs, Tiina; Fjellström, Markus (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2023-01)
      Saami traditions related to bear hunting and bear burials are quite well known, both from written and archaeological sources. However, the Saami also included bears in their repeated rituals at offering sites, which has been less explored. In this article, we present the archaeological sources for this offering tradition. Further, we discuss the chronology and geography as well as the content and ...
    • Bokmelding. Knut Dørum og Eirin Holberg: Frå høvdingdøme til statsmakt i Noreg ca. 200–1350 

      Spangen, Marte (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-21)
    • Edelmetalldepotene i Nord-Norge. Komplekse identiteter i vikingtid og tidlig middelalder 

      Spangen, Marte (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2005-05-20)
      Edelmetalldepotene i Nord-Norge fra vikingtid og tidlig middelalder (eller sølvskattene, som de ofte kalles) blir her analysert utfra innhold, sammensetning og plassering i landskapet. Det konkluderes med at flere av de 28 nordnorske funnene som er inkludert i undersøkelsen bør dateres til tidlig middelalder fordi de inneholder østlige gjenstander som har fått en slik sen datering gjennom andre funn. ...
    • The Ervika Runestone and Other Evidence for the Early Christianization of Northern Norway 

      Spangen, Marte; Henriksen, Jørn Erik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024)
      In the early 1980s, a runestone fragment with a Christian inscription from the early eleventh century was discovered in Harstad town, northern Norway, in excavated masses originating from the farm Ervika. Runestones are very rare archaeological finds in this region, but, despite being included in runological overviews, the Ervika stone has not been studied or published by archaeologists or historians. ...
    • A Fishy Tale about a Sheep and a Dog – Isotope Studies and Medieval Sámi Mobility and Husbandry in Inner Finnmark, Northern Norway 

      Spangen, Marte; Fjellström, Markus (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-01)
      Datings of sheep and dog bone samples from a so-called ‘Sámi circular offering site’ at Bealjalgnai in Karasjok Municipality, Finnmark, Norway, show that they were deposited in the Middle Ages. They are among the earliest dated bones from such structures, and the sheep is the oldest known example from this part of inland Finnmark. Isotope analyses show that the dog lived primarily on aquatic foodstuffs, ...
    • Historisk arkeologi i Norge – en metadebatt 

      Spangen, Marte (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      In 1992, the constitution and future of Norwegian medieval and historical archaeology was debated in META. The discussion concerned the definition “historical archaeology” itself, and the potential need for this subfield to be established as a discipline in its own right. The aim was to strengthen a weak academic framework for this branch of archaeology. In the end, such a separate discipline was ...
    • Introduction: Currents of Saami pasts 

      Spangen, Marte; Salmi, Anna-Kaisa; Äikäs, Tiina; Fjellström, Markus (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2020)
      A scientific field is a constant process, and, as all processes, it is defined by dialectics, since standpoints are only defined in opposition to something else. Saami archaeology is no exception, and this field emerged precisely because of oppositions, when political conflicts enforced the realization of a lack of consideration of the Saami presence in the prevailing understanding of the past in ...
    • Jakten på Varangermarkedet – søk etter flerkulturelle møter i et samisk landskap 

      Spangen, Marte; Kleppe, Jan Ingolf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-29)
      Den 6. mars 1530 skriver Hans Eriksson brev til erkebiskop Engelbrektson for å rapportere at han reiste fra «Slotthet» ni dager etter jul for å handle med russerne. Russerne møtte imidlertid ikke opp fordi de hadde blitt innkalt til «kungen af Rysseland». Eriksson forteller dessuten at det hadde brutt ut strid mellom de kristne og de hedenske karelerne, slik at disse gruppene heller ikke var ...
    • Sacred Nature. Diverging Use and Understanding of Old Sámi Offering Sites in Alta, Northern Norway 

      Spangen, Marte; Äikäs, Tiina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-27)
      Abstract: This study focuses on the contemporary use of two well-known Sámi offering sites in Alta, Finnmark, Norway. Today, these are hiking destinations and sightseeing points for both the Sámi and the non-Sámi local population, as well as a few non-local visitors. Many of these visitors leave objects at the sites, such as parts of recently slaughtered reindeer, clothing, coins, toys, sweet wrappers ...
    • Sámi Myths and Medieval Heritage 

      Spangen, Marte (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2020)
      Sámi landscapes are pluralistic and contain traces of a variety of activities occurring in the past and present. This includes remains of medieval houses and hunting installations that are different from the ones used in later Sámi contexts. The Sámi have created their own interpretations of these enigmatic features in the landscape, relating, for instance, so-called ‘Stállo’ house grounds, reindeer ...
    • Sticky structures and opportunistic builders - The construction and social role of longhouses in northern Norway 

      Spangen, Marte; Arntzen, Johan Eilertsen (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2020)
      The longhouse has been a turning point for research on prehistoric farming societies in Scandinavia for several decades. Yet, no comprehensive study has been made of this house type and its context, variations and social implications in the Far North. In this chapter, we present the currently available longhouse material within the three northernmost counties of Norway. The 50 longhouses that have ...
    • Zooarchaeological and stable isotope evidence of Sámi reindeer offerings 

      Salmi, Anna-Kaisa; Fjellström, Markus; Äikäs, Tiina; Spangen, Marte; Nunez, Milton; Lidén, Kerstin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-19)
      This paper presents new osteometric and stable isotope evidence of Sámi reindeer offerings. Previous archaeological studies have shown that reindeer domestication and intensification of reindeer herding transformed Sámi indigenous religion. However, because of the methodological challenges in the identification of wild and domesticated reindeer in the archaeological record, the exact nature of the ...